Närmare bestämt i tisdags, 9/6 2020.
Det är 11 kinesiska forskare som gjort ett enastående arbete med att försöka få stopp på denna eländiga cancertyp.The Lancet berättar att 2018 drabbades ca 570 000 kvinnor av denna cancer.
Dödstalet var 311 000.Livmoderhalscancer är den fjärde mest förekommande cancertypen hos kvinnor.
Världens forskare har gjort stora framsteg i att få fram vaccin som väsentligt minskar risken för att utveckla denna cancer,men de som inte har turen eller möjligheterna att vaccinera sig drabbas ganska hårt.Det gäller framförallt population i de mindre utvecklade länderna som i Afrika,Asien och Sydamerika.De kinesiska forskarna har riktat in sig på den gruppen,de som inte vaccinerats och tyvärr utvecklat denna cancertyp.De skriver i rapporten att trots modern kirurgi,strålbehandling och kemterapi är prognosen dålig för de som hunnit utveckla metastaser. Därför har de fokuserat på mekanismerna bakom som möjliggör cancern att spridas.Utan att gå in för detaljerat i deras forskning har de studerat en molekyl (miR-362-3p) som finns naturligt i området och dess betydelse för cancercellerna att migrera ut i kroppen.De har funnit att just den molekylen är försvagad vid de fall cancern spridit sig och de har hittat anledningen till detta.Med den nya kunskapen,att stärka miR-362-3p, skriver de att denna lösning kan vara ett framtida effektivt botemedel för att hindra cancern att spridas och därigenom ha ihjäl patienten.
- Our results suggest that miR-362-3p inhibits migration and invasion via directly targeting BCAP31 in cervical cancer, and restoring miR-362-3p levels may be a new treatment strategy for cervical cancer in the future.
För att nå dessa insikter och resultat har det krävts tillgång till de mest avancerade instrument.
Bland dessa finns naturligtvis HoloMonitor.
Först en bakgrund och introduktion till studien betitlad :
MicroRNA-362-3p Inhibits Migration and Invasion via Targeting BCAP31 in Cervical Cancer
09 June 2020Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common malignant tumor in gynecology, and metastasis is an important cause of patient death. MiRNAs (microRNAs) have been found to play key roles in cervical cancer metastasis, but the effect of miR-362-3p in CC is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-362-3p in cervical cancer migration and invasion. We compared the expression levels of miR-362-3p in cervical cancer tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues. In CC tissues, miR-362-3p expression was significantly down-regulated, which is related to the cancer stage and patient survival. MiR-362-3p can effectively inhibit the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay results showed that BCAP31 (B cell receptor associated protein 31) is a direct target protein of miR-362-3p. The results of the immunohistochemical examination of clinical tissue samples showed that BCAP31 was abnormally highly expressed in cervical cancer, which was positively correlated with the clinical stage. BCAP31 knockdown exerted similar effects as miR-362-3p overexpression. Further GSEA analysis showed that BCAP31 may participate in multiple biological processes, such as protein transport, metabolism, and organelle organization. Our results suggest that miR-362-3p inhibits migration and invasion via directly targeting BCAP31 in cervical cancer, and restoring miR-362-3p levels may be a new treatment strategy for cervical cancer in the future.
Introduction
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the common malignant
tumors in women's reproductive systems and the third leading cause of
cancer mortality among females (Torre et al., 2015; Small et al., 2017).
Local recurrence and distant metastasis are major causes of death.
Despite advances in surgery combined with radiotherapy and/or
chemotherapy, some CC patients with early metastases result in poor
prognosis and therapeutic effect (Wright et al., 2015; Guo et al., 2018; Nanthamongkolkul and Hanprasertpong, 2018; Xu et al., 2018). Therefore, research on the molecular mechanism that promotes CC metastases is of great significance.
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of non-coding small RNA found
in animals, plants and some viruses, which plays an important role in
the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression (O'Brien et al., 2018).
Abnormal changes in miRNA expression have been reported in several
human cancers and are related to tumorigenesis and development (Reddy, 2015; Peng and Croce, 2016).
It has been reported that some miRNAs, such as miR-1246, miR-221-3p,
miR-20a, and miR-92a, etc., are involved in the regulation of CC
invasion and metastasis (Kang et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2014; Zhou et al., 2015; Wei et al., 2017). However, the miRNA mechanism of cervical cancer metastasis has not been fully elucidated.
MiR-362-3p is downregulated in cervical cancer and acts
as an oncosuppressor miRNA. MiR-362-3p can participate in regulating
cell proliferation through MCM5, and is positively correlated with the
survival time of CC patients (Wang et al., 2018; Song et al., 2019).
However, its effect in CC metastasis is not clear. In our research, we
focused on the role of miR-362-3p in cervical cancer metastasis. We
analyzed the correlation between miR-362-3p expression level and
prognosis in patients with CC, and explored the role of miR-362-3p in
the regulation of invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells. Our
results show for the first time that miR-362-3p regulates the invasion
and migration of cervical cancer cells by regulating BCAP31 as a direct
target gene. Collectively, our findings suggest that miR-362-3p is a
promising target for CC treatment and a potential prognostic marker in
CC.
Jag klipper som vanligt in enbart HoloMonitor-relaterad info.
Materials and Methods
Wound Healing Assay
Transfected cancer cells were cultured into six-well cell
plates. When the cell confluence reached 90%, mitomycin C was added to
inhibit cell proliferation for 1 h, and then directly scraped with a
pipette tip. Images were captured continuously at 0, 24, and 48 h. All
experiments were repeated at least three times.
HoloMonitor M4 was also used for cell migration ability test. According
to the instructions, plant the transfected cells into the plate. Five
cells were randomly selected in the field of view, monitored for 96 h.
The cell migration route was drawn to calculate the cell migration
distance.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
 |
| (D) HeLa cell movement tracks were recorded by HoloMonitor M4 to show cell migration ability, after transfected with NC or miR-362-3p mimics. (E) Cell migration distance results from five cells randomly selected in different directions after transfected with NC or miR-362-3p mimics in HeLa cells, tested by HoloMonitor M4. |
HoloMonitor M4 was also used for cell migration ability test. The cell
migration trajectory was continuously tracked and recorded for 96 h. The
results of cell trajectory and migration distance revealed that the
cell motility of the transfected group was weaker in HeLa (Figures 2D,E).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
 |
| (D) HeLa cell movement tracks were recorded by HoloMonitor M4 to show cell migration ability, after transfected with NC or BCAP31 siRNA. (E) Cell migration distance results from five cells randomly selected in different directions after transfected with NC or BCAP31 siRNA in HeLa cells, tested by HoloMonitor M4. |
Real-time monitoring of the cell trajectory by HoloMonitor M4 showed that the cell's ability to migrate was decreased (Figures 4D,E).
Min kommentar
Jag upprepar min åsikt från föregående inlägg : Utrusta världens alla cancerforskare med varsin HoloMonitor.
Öppna upp alla distributionsvägar in till forskarna (de som nu ett fåtal aktörer har monopol på) och låt resp land stå för finansiering.Det är peanuts i förhållande till de kostnader denna best kostar i behandling,lidande,dödsfall och uteblivna insatser cancerdrabbade skulle kunna bidra med.Hur svårt kan det egentligen vara? Jag svarar mig själv med att krasst konstatera: I en idealistisk värld skulle detta inte vara ett problem,men....osv....
Siamab, Glycoimaging partner uppköpt för 2 miljarder och inte ens i närhet med tekniken i Glycoimaging.
SvaraRaderaGör ju att man verkligen ser fram mot den dagen PHI avknoppar Glyco så dess rätta värde synliggörs.
SvaraRaderaBörsvärdet för PHI ink GlycoImaging är i dagsläget en fjärdedel av vad Siamab såldes för.
Skulle tippa att Siamab köptes upp av bjässen Boehringer Ingelheim då de haft samarbete innan Siamab blev uppköpta.
Kan vara en bra indikation att hålla koll på,att om en bjässe vill ha tillgång till något av Glycos kunskap/forskning/teknik,det i form av ett samarbete i någon form, då lär ett uppköp inte ligga alltför långt borta.
Bästa med det är att bjässen måste förhandla med PHI.
Iofs skulle jag inte ogilla att PHI knoppar av Glyco till eget noterat företag så vi aktieägare får se dess utveckling till kanske en större spelare inom cancerbekämpning.Jag tror det kommer finnas bra material till att utveckla plattformen/tekniken till att klara fler cancertyper än de de forskar på idag.
5 års dedikerad forskning utförd av "5 research groups, spread across 5 universities and institutes and 3 industrial partners in 4 different countries" lär innehålla massiv kunskap som går att använda till fler cancerprojekt.